ax: fix VoiceOver cursor sync and word double-read

Bug 1 (VO cursor not following Emacs cursor):
- Remove FocusedUIElementChangedNotification on emacsView (was a no-op:
  VO re-queried the same element)
- For Emacs-initiated char/word moves, keep natural next/previous
  direction instead of forcing discontiguous; SelectedTextChanged with
  direction=next advances VO browse cursor sequentially
- Only force discontiguous for line-boundary crossings and large jumps

Bug 2 (word double-read with punctuation):
- Root cause was FocusedUIElementChanged causing VO re-anchor speech
  on top of the explicit word announcement
- Removing FocusedUIElementChanged eliminates the duplicate speech
- Add emacsInitiated parameter to postFocusedCursorNotification;
  omit AXTextSelectionGranularity for Emacs-initiated moves so VO
  does not auto-speak (only explicit announcements provide speech)
- isWordMove now triggers on emacsInitiated flag (Emacs-initiated
  word moves always get explicit announcement)

patches/0000-ns-integrate-with-macOS-Zoom-for-cursor-tracking.patch

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From edb3a37f853fc9b98dfc96a7ba0434e87e1fdc3e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From a92cfbac382d563f5d54fac32fab1711414574bb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: Martin Sukany <martin@sukany.cz>
 Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2026 22:39:35 +0100
 Subject: [PATCH 0/8] ns: integrate with macOS Zoom for cursor tracking
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ to the selected completion candidate after normal cursor tracking.
  3 files changed, 370 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/etc/NEWS b/etc/NEWS
-index ef36df5..80661a9 100644
+index 7367e3ccbd..4c149e41d6 100644
 --- a/etc/NEWS
 +++ b/etc/NEWS
 @@ -82,6 +82,17 @@ other directory on your system.  You can also invoke the
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ index ef36df5..80661a9 100644
  ** 'line-spacing' now supports specifying spacing above the line.
  Previously, only spacing below the line could be specified.  The user
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.h b/src/nsterm.h
-index 7c1ee4c..ea6e7ba 100644
+index 7c1ee4cf53..ea6e7ba4f5 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.h
 +++ b/src/nsterm.h
 @@ -484,6 +484,12 @@ enum ns_return_frame_mode
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ index 7c1ee4c..ea6e7ba 100644
  }
  
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.m b/src/nsterm.m
-index 74e4ad5..fc75910 100644
+index 932d209f56..417c312a88 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.m
 +++ b/src/nsterm.m
 @@ -71,6 +71,11 @@ Updated by Christian Limpach (chris@nice.ch)

patches/0001-ns-add-accessibility-base-classes-and-text-extractio.patch

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From 1ecb71555d3419523d8ccebc03ace9bffac4f99e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From efe1a90a98dc725ea55bda0fa466427b39cdd253 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: Martin Sukany <martin@sukany.cz>
 Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2026 12:58:11 +0100
 Subject: [PATCH 1/8] ns: add accessibility base classes and text extraction
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ ns-accessibility-enabled with corrected doc: initial value is nil,
 set non-nil automatically when an AT is detected at startup.
 ---
  src/nsterm.h | 131 +++++++++++++++
- src/nsterm.m | 456 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+ src/nsterm.m | 452 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  2 files changed, 583 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.h b/src/nsterm.h
-index ea6e7ba..5746e9e 100644
+index ea6e7ba4f5..5746e9e9bd 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.h
 +++ b/src/nsterm.h
 @@ -453,6 +453,124 @@ enum ns_return_frame_mode
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ index ea6e7ba..5746e9e 100644
  
  
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.m b/src/nsterm.m
-index fc75910..852e7f9 100644
+index 417c312a88..a1cece7c23 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.m
 +++ b/src/nsterm.m
 @@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ Updated by Christian Limpach (chris@nice.ch)
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ index fc75910..852e7f9 100644
  #include "systime.h"
  #include "character.h"
  #include "xwidget.h"
-@@ -7209,6 +7210,430 @@ - (BOOL)fulfillService: (NSString *)name withArg: (NSString *)arg
+@@ -7200,6 +7201,430 @@ - (BOOL)fulfillService: (NSString *)name withArg: (NSString *)arg
  }
  #endif
  
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ index fc75910..852e7f9 100644
  /* ==========================================================================
  
      EmacsView implementation
-@@ -11665,6 +12090,24 @@ Convert an X font name (XLFD) to an NS font name.
+@@ -11656,6 +12081,24 @@ Convert an X font name (XLFD) to an NS font name.
    DEFSYM (Qns_drag_operation_generic, "ns-drag-operation-generic");
    DEFSYM (Qns_handle_drag_motion, "ns-handle-drag-motion");
  
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ index fc75910..852e7f9 100644
    Fput (Qalt, Qmodifier_value, make_fixnum (alt_modifier));
    Fput (Qhyper, Qmodifier_value, make_fixnum (hyper_modifier));
    Fput (Qmeta, Qmodifier_value, make_fixnum (meta_modifier));
-@@ -11813,6 +12260,15 @@ Nil means use fullscreen the old (< 10.7) way.  The old way works better with
+@@ -11804,6 +12247,15 @@ Nil means use fullscreen the old (< 10.7) way.  The old way works better with
  This variable is ignored on Mac OS X < 10.7 and GNUstep.  */);
    ns_use_srgb_colorspace = YES;
  

patches/0002-ns-implement-buffer-accessibility-element-core-proto.patch

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From f29ed7e4e305a5f8857e72d3762d43c0901be718 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From 3e4f7fff7eb999c4a497ef21bf01ad41819191eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: Martin Sukany <martin@sukany.cz>
 Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2026 12:58:11 +0100
 Subject: [PATCH 2/8] ns: implement buffer accessibility element (core
@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@ loop is safe: it runs only on actual character modifications.
 (accessibilityRangeForPosition:, setAccessibilitySelectedTextRange:)
 (setAccessibilityFocused:): Implement NSAccessibility protocol methods.
 ---
- src/nsterm.m | 1127 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+ src/nsterm.m | 1115 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
- 1 file changed, 1123 insertions(+)
+ 1 file changed, 1115 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.m b/src/nsterm.m
-index 852e7f9..3e1ac74 100644
+index a1cece7c23..3d031ddb69 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.m
 +++ b/src/nsterm.m
-@@ -7631,6 +7631,1121 @@ - (id)accessibilityTopLevelUIElement
+@@ -7622,6 +7622,1121 @@ - (id)accessibilityTopLevelUIElement
  
  @end
  

patches/0003-ns-add-buffer-notification-dispatch-and-mode-line-el.patch

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From b4b09f69a8a4742e9f1431242d58e2c52400112c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From 554bc4a174d0f6ec934108687da165f71ce9cf9a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: Martin Sukany <martin@sukany.cz>
 Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2026 12:58:11 +0100
 Subject: [PATCH 3/8] ns: add buffer notification dispatch and mode-line
@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ detects text edit, cursor/mark change, or overlay change.
 (EmacsAccessibilityModeLine): Implement AXStaticText element for the
 mode line.
 ---
- src/nsterm.m | 546 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+ src/nsterm.m | 605 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
- 1 file changed, 546 insertions(+)
+ 1 file changed, 605 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.m b/src/nsterm.m
-index 3e1ac74..d3015e2 100644
+index 3d031ddb69..221697b78a 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.m
 +++ b/src/nsterm.m
-@@ -8758,6 +8758,609 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
+@@ -8737,6 +8737,611 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
  
  @end
  
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ index 3e1ac74..d3015e2 100644
 +			 granularity:(NSInteger)granularity
 +			  markActive:(BOOL)markActive
 +			oldMarkActive:(BOOL)oldMarkActive
++		      emacsInitiated:(BOOL)emacsInitiated
 +{
 +  BOOL isCharMove
 +    = (!markActive && !oldMarkActive
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ index 3e1ac74..d3015e2 100644
 +  BOOL isWordMove
 +    = (!markActive && !oldMarkActive
 +       && granularity == ns_ax_text_selection_granularity_word
-+       && direction == ns_ax_text_selection_direction_discontiguous);
++       && emacsInitiated);
 +  if (isWordMove && cachedText)
 +    {
 +      NSCharacterSet *ws
@@ -531,7 +532,8 @@ index 3e1ac74..d3015e2 100644
 +				  direction:direction
 +			       granularity:granularity
 +				markActive:markActive
-+			      oldMarkActive:oldMarkActive];
++			      oldMarkActive:oldMarkActive
++			     emacsInitiated:NO];
 +
 +      if (![self isAccessibilityFocused] && cachedText)
 +	[self postCompletionAnnouncementForBuffer:b point:point];

patches/0004-ns-add-interactive-span-elements-for-Tab-navigation.patch

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From 1ce902a7a0b0d4d63e9d9f8718145d183a3c5d1a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From e2e327e374445912764bf3efb4dd65af9a238a41 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: Martin Sukany <martin@sukany.cz>
 Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2026 12:58:11 +0100
 Subject: [PATCH 4/8] ns: add interactive span elements for Tab navigation
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ rebuilding lazily when interactiveSpansDirty is set.
  1 file changed, 287 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.m b/src/nsterm.m
-index d3015e2..6d3b87a 100644
+index 221697b78a..70ec4286bf 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.m
 +++ b/src/nsterm.m
-@@ -9304,6 +9304,293 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
+@@ -9342,6 +9342,293 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
  
  @end
  

patches/0005-ns-integrate-accessibility-with-EmacsView-and-redisp.patch

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From 6e6c5f4cf33d302e23141ce241c1747cdc0304be Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From d1adda245af7b5a2b8bc3b0c738f661dcc78b626 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: Martin Sukany <martin@sukany.cz>
 Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2026 12:58:11 +0100
 Subject: [PATCH 5/8] ns: integrate accessibility with EmacsView and redisplay
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ com.apple.accessibility.api distributed notification.
  2 files changed, 431 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/etc/NEWS b/etc/NEWS
-index 80661a9..2b1f9e6 100644
+index 4c149e41d6..7f917f93b2 100644
 --- a/etc/NEWS
 +++ b/etc/NEWS
-@@ -4400,6 +4400,19 @@ allowing Emacs users access to speech recognition utilities.
+@@ -4385,6 +4385,19 @@ allowing Emacs users access to speech recognition utilities.
  Note: Accepting this permission allows the use of system APIs, which may
  send user data to Apple's speech recognition servers.
  
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ index 80661a9..2b1f9e6 100644
  ** Re-introduced dictation, lost in Emacs v30 (macOS).
  We lost macOS dictation in v30 when migrating to NSTextInputClient.
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.m b/src/nsterm.m
-index 6d3b87a..7574da4 100644
+index 70ec4286bf..1444ff2d13 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.m
 +++ b/src/nsterm.m
 @@ -1275,7 +1275,7 @@ If a completion candidate is selected (overlay or child frame),
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ index 6d3b87a..7574da4 100644
  	  {
  	    NSRect windowRect = [view convertRect:r toView:nil];
  	    NSRect screenRect
-@@ -6731,9 +6735,56 @@ - (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching: (NSNotification *)notification
+@@ -6722,9 +6726,56 @@ - (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching: (NSNotification *)notification
    }
  #endif
  
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ index 6d3b87a..7574da4 100644
  - (void)antialiasThresholdDidChange:(NSNotification *)notification
  {
  #ifdef NS_IMPL_COCOA
-@@ -7634,7 +7685,6 @@ - (id)accessibilityTopLevelUIElement
+@@ -7625,7 +7676,6 @@ - (id)accessibilityTopLevelUIElement
  
  
  
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ index 6d3b87a..7574da4 100644
  static BOOL
  ns_ax_find_completion_overlay_range (struct buffer *b, ptrdiff_t point,
  				     ptrdiff_t *out_start,
-@@ -8759,7 +8809,6 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
+@@ -8738,7 +8788,6 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
  @end
  
  
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ index 6d3b87a..7574da4 100644
  /* ===================================================================
     EmacsAccessibilityBuffer (Notifications) — AX event dispatch
  
-@@ -9305,7 +9354,6 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
+@@ -9343,7 +9392,6 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
  @end
  
  
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ index 6d3b87a..7574da4 100644
  /* ===================================================================
     EmacsAccessibilityInteractiveSpan — helpers and implementation
     =================================================================== */
-@@ -9636,6 +9684,7 @@ - (void)dealloc
+@@ -9674,6 +9722,7 @@ - (void)dealloc
    [layer release];
  #endif
  
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ index 6d3b87a..7574da4 100644
    [[self menu] release];
    [super dealloc];
  }
-@@ -10984,6 +11033,32 @@ - (void)windowDidBecomeKey      /* for direct calls */
+@@ -11022,6 +11071,32 @@ - (void)windowDidBecomeKey      /* for direct calls */
    XSETFRAME (event.frame_or_window, emacsframe);
    kbd_buffer_store_event (&event);
    ns_send_appdefined (-1);  // Kick main loop
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ index 6d3b87a..7574da4 100644
  }
  
  
-@@ -12221,6 +12296,332 @@ - (int) fullscreenState
+@@ -12259,6 +12334,332 @@ - (int) fullscreenState
    return fs_state;
  }
  
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ index 6d3b87a..7574da4 100644
  @end  /* EmacsView */
  
  
-@@ -14221,12 +14622,17 @@ Nil means use fullscreen the old (< 10.7) way.  The old way works better with
+@@ -14255,12 +14656,17 @@ Nil means use fullscreen the old (< 10.7) way.  The old way works better with
    ns_use_srgb_colorspace = YES;
  
    DEFVAR_BOOL ("ns-accessibility-enabled", ns_accessibility_enabled,

patches/0006-doc-add-VoiceOver-accessibility-section-to-macOS-app.patch

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From cd2037fc2078f3db365fa3f222413d9022c882f5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From 9703257f348868b6d28ffb07a32515be05180ab3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: Martin Sukany <martin@sukany.cz>
 Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2026 12:58:11 +0100
 Subject: [PATCH 6/8] doc: add VoiceOver accessibility section to macOS
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ default: initial value is nil, set automatically at startup.
  2 files changed, 83 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/doc/emacs/macos.texi b/doc/emacs/macos.texi
-index 6bd334f..6514dfc 100644
+index 6bd334f48e..f3671354b5 100644
 --- a/doc/emacs/macos.texi
 +++ b/doc/emacs/macos.texi
 @@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ Support}), but we hope to improve it in the future.
@@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ index 6bd334f..6514dfc 100644
  @section GNUstep Support
  
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.m b/src/nsterm.m
-index 7574da4..426b029 100644
+index 1444ff2d13..25e8aeff34 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.m
 +++ b/src/nsterm.m
-@@ -14623,9 +14623,13 @@ Nil means use fullscreen the old (< 10.7) way.  The old way works better with
+@@ -14657,9 +14657,13 @@ Nil means use fullscreen the old (< 10.7) way.  The old way works better with
  
    DEFVAR_BOOL ("ns-accessibility-enabled", ns_accessibility_enabled,
       doc: /* Non-nil enables Zoom cursor tracking and VoiceOver support.

patches/0007-ns-announce-overlay-completion-candidates-for-VoiceO.patch

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From c777281b5f05b463ec4bb8bdcb71bdcf400a10c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From 825b4ff19bbaab392aa11fcd3ce41bfef248eb7b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: Martin Sukany <martin@sukany.cz>
 Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2026 14:46:25 +0100
 Subject: [PATCH 7/8] ns: announce overlay completion candidates for VoiceOver
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ race where an AX query consumes the change before notification.
  2 files changed, 289 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.h b/src/nsterm.h
-index 5746e9e..21a93bc 100644
+index 5746e9e9bd..21a93bc799 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.h
 +++ b/src/nsterm.h
 @@ -510,6 +510,7 @@ typedef struct ns_ax_visible_run
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ index 5746e9e..21a93bc 100644
  @property (nonatomic, assign) BOOL cachedMarkActive;
  @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *cachedCompletionAnnouncement;
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.m b/src/nsterm.m
-index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
+index 25e8aeff34..b3daec31f1 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.m
 +++ b/src/nsterm.m
-@@ -7271,11 +7271,154 @@ Accessibility virtual elements (macOS / Cocoa only)
+@@ -7262,11 +7262,154 @@ Accessibility virtual elements (macOS / Cocoa only)
  
  /* ---- Helper: extract buffer text for accessibility ---- */
  
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
  static NSString *
  ns_ax_buffer_text (struct window *w, ptrdiff_t *out_start,
  		   ns_ax_visible_run **out_runs, NSUInteger *out_nruns)
-@@ -7346,7 +7489,7 @@ Accessibility virtual elements (macOS / Cocoa only)
+@@ -7337,7 +7480,7 @@ Accessibility virtual elements (macOS / Cocoa only)
  
        /* Extract this visible run's text.  Use
  	 Fbuffer_substring_no_properties which correctly handles the
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
  	 include garbage bytes when the run spans the gap position.  */
        Lisp_Object lstr = Fbuffer_substring_no_properties (
  	make_fixnum (pos), make_fixnum (run_end));
-@@ -7427,7 +7570,7 @@ Mode lines using icon fonts (e.g. nerd-font icons)
+@@ -7418,7 +7561,7 @@ Mode lines using icon fonts (e.g. nerd-font icons)
      return NSZeroRect;
  
    /* charpos_start and charpos_len are already in buffer charpos
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
       charposForAccessibilityIndex which handles invisible text.  */
    ptrdiff_t cp_start = charpos_start;
    ptrdiff_t cp_end = cp_start + charpos_len;
-@@ -7906,6 +8049,7 @@ @implementation EmacsAccessibilityBuffer
+@@ -7893,6 +8036,7 @@ @implementation EmacsAccessibilityBuffer
  @synthesize cachedOverlayModiff;
  @synthesize cachedTextStart;
  @synthesize cachedModiff;
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
  @synthesize cachedPoint;
  @synthesize cachedMarkActive;
  @synthesize cachedCompletionAnnouncement;
-@@ -8003,7 +8147,7 @@ - (void)ensureTextCache
+@@ -7990,7 +8134,7 @@ - (void)ensureTextCache
    NSTRACE ("EmacsAccessibilityBuffer ensureTextCache");
    /* This method is only called from the main thread (AX getters
       dispatch_sync to main first).  Reads of cachedText/cachedTextModiff
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
       write section at the end needs synchronization to protect
       against concurrent reads from AX server thread.  */
    eassert ([NSThread isMainThread]);
-@@ -8015,25 +8159,16 @@ - (void)ensureTextCache
+@@ -8002,25 +8146,16 @@ - (void)ensureTextCache
    if (!b)
      return;
  
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
        && cachedTextStart == BUF_BEGV (b)
        && pt >= cachedTextStart
        && (textLen == 0
-@@ -8049,7 +8184,7 @@ included in the cached AX text (it is handled separately via
+@@ -8036,7 +8171,7 @@ included in the cached AX text (it is handled separately via
      {
        [cachedText release];
        cachedText = [text retain];
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
        cachedTextStart = start;
  
        if (visibleRuns)
-@@ -8118,7 +8253,7 @@ - (NSUInteger)accessibilityIndexForCharpos:(ptrdiff_t)charpos
+@@ -8105,7 +8240,7 @@ - (NSUInteger)accessibilityIndexForCharpos:(ptrdiff_t)charpos
    /* Binary search: runs are sorted by charpos (ascending).  Find the
       run whose [charpos, charpos+length) range contains the target,
       or the nearest run after an invisible gap.  O(log n) instead of
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
    NSUInteger lo = 0, hi = visibleRunCount;
    while (lo < hi)
      {
-@@ -8167,10 +8302,10 @@ by run length (visible window), not total buffer size.  */
+@@ -8154,10 +8289,10 @@ by run length (visible window), not total buffer size.  */
  
  /* Convert accessibility string index to buffer charpos.
     Safe to call from any thread: uses only cachedText (NSString) and
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
    @synchronized (self)
    {
    if (visibleRunCount == 0)
-@@ -8212,7 +8347,7 @@ the slow path (composed character sequence walk), which is
+@@ -8199,7 +8334,7 @@ the slow path (composed character sequence walk), which is
  	  return cp;
  	}
      }
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
    if (lo > 0)
      {
        ns_ax_visible_run *last = &visibleRuns[visibleRunCount - 1];
-@@ -8234,7 +8369,7 @@ the slow path (composed character sequence walk), which is
+@@ -8221,7 +8356,7 @@ the slow path (composed character sequence walk), which is
     deadlocking the AX server thread.  This is prevented by:
  
       1. validWindow checks WINDOW_LIVE_P and BUFFERP before every
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
       2. All dispatch_sync blocks run on the main thread where no
          concurrent Lisp code can modify state between checks.
       3. block_input prevents timer events and process output from
-@@ -8588,6 +8723,50 @@ - (NSInteger)accessibilityInsertionPointLineNumber
+@@ -8567,6 +8702,50 @@ - (NSInteger)accessibilityInsertionPointLineNumber
    return [self lineForAXIndex:point_idx];
  }
  
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
  - (NSRange)accessibilityRangeForLine:(NSInteger)line
  {
    if (![NSThread isMainThread])
-@@ -8810,7 +8989,7 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
+@@ -8789,7 +8968,7 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
  
  
  /* ===================================================================
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
  
     These methods notify VoiceOver of text and selection changes.
     Called from the redisplay cycle (postAccessibilityUpdates).
-@@ -8825,7 +9004,7 @@ - (void)postTextChangedNotification:(ptrdiff_t)point
+@@ -8804,7 +8983,7 @@ - (void)postTextChangedNotification:(ptrdiff_t)point
    if (point > self.cachedPoint
        && point - self.cachedPoint == 1)
      {
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
        [self invalidateTextCache];
        [self ensureTextCache];
        if (cachedText)
-@@ -8844,7 +9023,7 @@ - (void)postTextChangedNotification:(ptrdiff_t)point
+@@ -8823,7 +9002,7 @@ - (void)postTextChangedNotification:(ptrdiff_t)point
    /* Update cachedPoint here so the selection-move branch does NOT
       fire for point changes caused by edits.  WebKit and Chromium
       never send both ValueChanged and SelectedTextChanged for the
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
    self.cachedPoint = point;
  
    NSDictionary *change = @{
-@@ -9178,16 +9357,83 @@ - (void)postAccessibilityNotificationsForFrame:(struct frame *)f
+@@ -9215,16 +9394,83 @@ - (void)postAccessibilityNotificationsForFrame:(struct frame *)f
    BOOL markActive = !NILP (BVAR (b, mark_active));
  
    /* --- Text changed (edit) --- */
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
      {
        ptrdiff_t oldPoint = self.cachedPoint;
        BOOL oldMarkActive = self.cachedMarkActive;
-@@ -9355,7 +9601,7 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
+@@ -9393,7 +9639,7 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
  
  
  /* ===================================================================
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
     =================================================================== */
  
  /* Scan visible range of window W for interactive spans.
-@@ -9564,7 +9810,7 @@ - (void) setAccessibilityFocused: (BOOL) focused
+@@ -9602,7 +9848,7 @@ - (void) setAccessibilityFocused: (BOOL) focused
    dispatch_async (dispatch_get_main_queue (), ^{
      /* lwin is a Lisp_Object captured by value.  This is GC-safe
         because Lisp_Objects are tagged integers/pointers that
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
         Emacs.  The WINDOW_LIVE_P check below guards against the
         window being deleted between capture and execution.  */
      if (!WINDOWP (lwin) || NILP (Fwindow_live_p (lwin)))
-@@ -9590,7 +9836,7 @@ - (void) setAccessibilityFocused: (BOOL) focused
+@@ -9628,7 +9874,7 @@ - (void) setAccessibilityFocused: (BOOL) focused
  
  @end
  
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
     Methods are kept here (same .m file) so they access the ivars
     declared in the @interface ivar block.  */
  @implementation EmacsAccessibilityBuffer (InteractiveSpans)
-@@ -12312,7 +12558,7 @@ - (int) fullscreenState
+@@ -12350,7 +12596,7 @@ - (int) fullscreenState
  
    if (WINDOW_LEAF_P (w))
      {
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
        EmacsAccessibilityBuffer *elem
  	= [existing objectForKey:[NSValue valueWithPointer:w]];
        if (!elem)
-@@ -12346,7 +12592,7 @@ - (int) fullscreenState
+@@ -12384,7 +12630,7 @@ - (int) fullscreenState
      }
    else
      {
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
        Lisp_Object child = w->contents;
        while (!NILP (child))
  	{
-@@ -12458,7 +12704,7 @@ - (void)postAccessibilityUpdates
+@@ -12496,7 +12742,7 @@ - (void)postAccessibilityUpdates
    accessibilityUpdating = YES;
  
    /* Detect window tree change (split, delete, new buffer).  Compare
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ index 426b029..8d44b5f 100644
    Lisp_Object curRoot = FRAME_ROOT_WINDOW (emacsframe);
    if (!EQ (curRoot, lastRootWindow))
      {
-@@ -12467,12 +12713,12 @@ - (void)postAccessibilityUpdates
+@@ -12505,12 +12751,12 @@ - (void)postAccessibilityUpdates
      }
  
    /* If tree is stale, rebuild FIRST so we don't iterate freed

patches/0008-ns-announce-child-frame-completion-candidates-for-Vo.patch

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-From 830710de8a7bac560d71ae802dcf7df60517c57b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From a6249e8ad3512f1e80e509c21111f6e3a241405f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: Martin Sukany <martin@sukany.cz>
 Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2026 16:01:29 +0100
 Subject: [PATCH 8/8] ns: announce child frame completion candidates for
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ element when a child frame completion closes.
  doc/emacs/macos.texi |  18 +-
  etc/NEWS             |  18 +-
  src/nsterm.h         |  21 ++
- src/nsterm.m         | 496 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
+ src/nsterm.m         | 505 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
- 4 files changed, 501 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)
+ 4 files changed, 509 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/doc/emacs/macos.texi b/doc/emacs/macos.texi
-index 6514dfc..bcf74b3 100644
+index f3671354b5..03a657f970 100644
 --- a/doc/emacs/macos.texi
 +++ b/doc/emacs/macos.texi
 @@ -278,7 +278,6 @@ restart Emacs to access newly-available services.
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@ index 6514dfc..bcf74b3 100644
  correctly: character navigation announces the character at the cursor
  position, not the character before it.
 diff --git a/etc/NEWS b/etc/NEWS
-index 2b1f9e6..5766428 100644
+index 7f917f93b2..d7631fa6c7 100644
 --- a/etc/NEWS
 +++ b/etc/NEWS
-@@ -4400,15 +4400,19 @@ allowing Emacs users access to speech recognition utilities.
+@@ -4385,16 +4385,20 @@ allowing Emacs users access to speech recognition utilities.
  Note: Accepting this permission allows the use of system APIs, which may
  send user data to Apple's speech recognition servers.
  
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ index 2b1f9e6..5766428 100644
  interface and eliminate the associated overhead.
  
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.h b/src/nsterm.h
-index 21a93bc..d435e42 100644
+index 21a93bc799..d435e42998 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.h
 +++ b/src/nsterm.h
 @@ -504,9 +504,21 @@ typedef struct ns_ax_visible_run
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ index 21a93bc..d435e42 100644
  @end
  
 diff --git a/src/nsterm.m b/src/nsterm.m
-index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
+index b3daec31f1..33b72a0825 100644
 --- a/src/nsterm.m
 +++ b/src/nsterm.m
 @@ -1126,24 +1126,19 @@ Uses CFAbsoluteTimeGetCurrent() (~5 ns, a VDSO read) for timing.  */
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
  }
  
  #endif /* MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED >= 101000 */
-@@ -7415,6 +7416,112 @@ visual line index for Zoom (skip whitespace-only lines
+@@ -7406,6 +7407,112 @@ visual line index for Zoom (skip whitespace-only lines
  
    return nil;
  }
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
  /* Build accessibility text for window W, skipping invisible text.
     Populates *OUT_START with the buffer start charpos.
     Populates *OUT_RUNS with an array of visible runs and *OUT_NRUNS
-@@ -8046,6 +8153,7 @@ that remapped bindings (e.g., C-j -> next-line) are recognized.
+@@ -8033,6 +8140,7 @@ that remapped bindings (e.g., C-j -> next-line) are recognized.
  @implementation EmacsAccessibilityBuffer
  @synthesize cachedText;
  @synthesize cachedTextModiff;
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
  @synthesize cachedOverlayModiff;
  @synthesize cachedTextStart;
  @synthesize cachedModiff;
-@@ -8159,16 +8267,34 @@ - (void)ensureTextCache
+@@ -8146,16 +8254,34 @@ - (void)ensureTextCache
    if (!b)
      return;
  
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
        && cachedTextStart == BUF_BEGV (b)
        && pt >= cachedTextStart
        && (textLen == 0
-@@ -8184,7 +8310,8 @@ included in the cached AX text (it is handled separately via
+@@ -8171,7 +8297,8 @@ included in the cached AX text (it is handled separately via
      {
        [cachedText release];
        cachedText = [text retain];
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
        cachedTextStart = start;
  
        if (visibleRuns)
-@@ -8597,6 +8724,11 @@ - (void)setAccessibilitySelectedTextRange:(NSRange)range
+@@ -8584,6 +8711,11 @@ - (void)setAccessibilitySelectedTextRange:(NSRange)range
  
    [self ensureTextCache];
  
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
    specpdl_ref count = SPECPDL_INDEX ();
    record_unwind_current_buffer ();
    /* Ensure block_input is always matched by unblock_input even if
-@@ -9064,11 +9196,13 @@ - (void)postFocusedCursorNotification:(ptrdiff_t)point
+@@ -9040,11 +9172,14 @@ - (void)postFocusedCursorNotification:(ptrdiff_t)point
      = @(ns_ax_text_state_change_selection_move);
    moveInfo[@"AXTextSelectionDirection"] = @(direction);
    moveInfo[@"AXTextChangeElement"] = self;
@@ -394,17 +394,18 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
 -     for block-cursor mode).  Include it for word/line/
 -     selection so VoiceOver reads the appropriate text.  */
 -  if (!isCharMove)
-+  /* Include granularity for sequential moves so VoiceOver reads the
++  /* Include granularity for sequential VO-initiated moves so VoiceOver
-+     appropriate unit.  Omit for character moves (announced explicitly
++     reads the appropriate unit.  Omit for character moves (announced
-+     below) and for discontiguous jumps (destination line announced
++     explicitly below), discontiguous jumps (destination line announced
-+     explicitly; omitting granularity lets VoiceOver use its default
++     explicitly), and Emacs-initiated moves (announced explicitly;
-+     behaviour and re-anchor its browse cursor).  */
++     including granularity would cause VoiceOver to auto-speak,
-+  if (!isCharMove
++     doubling the explicit announcement).  */
++  if (!isCharMove && !emacsInitiated
 +      && direction != ns_ax_text_selection_direction_discontiguous)
      moveInfo[@"AXTextSelectionGranularity"] = @(granularity);
  
    ns_ax_post_notification_with_info (
-@@ -9111,12 +9245,17 @@ derive its own speech (it would read the wrong character
+@@ -9145,12 +9280,17 @@ user expectation ("w" jumps to next word and reads it).  */
  	}
      }
  
@@ -427,7 +428,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
    if (cachedText
        && granularity == ns_ax_text_selection_granularity_line)
      {
-@@ -9179,7 +9318,14 @@ - (void)postCompletionAnnouncementForBuffer:(struct buffer *)b
+@@ -9213,7 +9353,14 @@ - (void)postCompletionAnnouncementForBuffer:(struct buffer *)b
    ptrdiff_t currentOverlayStart = 0;
    ptrdiff_t currentOverlayEnd = 0;
  
@@ -442,7 +443,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
    record_unwind_current_buffer ();
    if (b != current_buffer)
      set_buffer_internal_1 (b);
-@@ -9356,12 +9502,29 @@ - (void)postAccessibilityNotificationsForFrame:(struct frame *)f
+@@ -9389,12 +9536,29 @@ - (void)postAccessibilityNotificationsForFrame:(struct frame *)f
    if (!b)
      return;
  
@@ -472,7 +473,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
    if (modiff != self.cachedModiff)
      {
        self.cachedModiff = modiff;
-@@ -9375,6 +9538,7 @@ Text property changes (e.g. face updates from
+@@ -9408,6 +9572,7 @@ Text property changes (e.g. face updates from
  	{
  	  self.cachedCharsModiff = chars_modiff;
  	  [self postTextChangedNotification:point];
@@ -480,7 +481,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
  	}
      }
  
-@@ -9397,8 +9561,15 @@ frameworks like Vertico bump BOTH BUF_MODIFF (via text property
+@@ -9430,8 +9595,15 @@ frameworks like Vertico bump BOTH BUF_MODIFF (via text property
  	 displayed in the minibuffer.  In normal editing buffers,
  	 font-lock and other modes change BUF_OVERLAY_MODIFF on
  	 every redisplay, triggering O(overlays) work per keystroke.
@@ -498,7 +499,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
  	goto skip_overlay_scan;
  
        int selected_line = -1;
-@@ -9444,7 +9615,18 @@ frameworks like Vertico bump BOTH BUF_MODIFF (via text property
+@@ -9477,7 +9649,18 @@ frameworks like Vertico bump BOTH BUF_MODIFF (via text property
        self.cachedPoint = point;
        self.cachedMarkActive = markActive;
  
@@ -518,7 +519,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
        NSInteger direction = ns_ax_text_selection_direction_discontiguous;
        if (point > oldPoint)
  	direction = ns_ax_text_selection_direction_next;
-@@ -9492,6 +9674,36 @@ frameworks like Vertico bump BOTH BUF_MODIFF (via text property
+@@ -9525,6 +9708,30 @@ frameworks like Vertico bump BOTH BUF_MODIFF (via text property
  	  granularity = ns_ax_text_selection_granularity_line;
  	}
  
@@ -532,30 +533,33 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
 +      if (!isCtrlNP && granularity == ns_ax_text_selection_granularity_line)
 +	direction = ns_ax_text_selection_direction_discontiguous;
 +
-+      /* If Emacs moved the cursor (not VoiceOver), force discontiguous
++      /* If Emacs moved the cursor (not VoiceOver) and the move
-+	 so VoiceOver re-anchors its browse cursor to the current
++	 crosses a line boundary or jumps to an unknown position, force
-+	 accessibilitySelectedTextRange.  This covers all Emacs-initiated
++	 discontiguous so VoiceOver re-anchors its browse cursor.
-+	 moves: editing commands, ELisp, isearch, etc.
++	 For character and word moves within a line, keep the natural
++	 next/previous direction: SelectedTextChanged with direction=next
++	 advances VoiceOver's browse cursor sequentially, and the explicit
++	 announcement in postFocusedCursorNotification provides speech.
 +	 Exception: C-n/C-p (isCtrlNP) already uses next/previous with
-+	 line granularity; those are already sequential and VoiceOver
++	 line granularity; VoiceOver handles them correctly.  */
-+	 handles them correctly.  */
++      if (emacsMovedCursor && !isCtrlNP
-+      if (emacsMovedCursor && !isCtrlNP)
++	  && (granularity == ns_ax_text_selection_granularity_line
++	      || granularity == ns_ax_text_selection_granularity_unknown))
 +	direction = ns_ax_text_selection_direction_discontiguous;
-+
-+      /* Post FocusedUIElementChanged on the containing NSView whenever
-+	 Emacs moves the cursor independently of VoiceOver.  Posting on
-+	 the view causes VoiceOver to re-query accessibilityFocusedUIElement
-+	 and re-anchor its browse cursor at the new selection range, without
-+	 re-announcing the element name.  Required for all granularities.  */
-+      if (emacsMovedCursor && [self isAccessibilityFocused])
-+	ns_ax_post_notification (
-+	  self.emacsView,
-+	  NSAccessibilityFocusedUIElementChangedNotification);
 +
        /* Post notifications for focused and non-focused elements.  */
        if ([self isAccessibilityFocused])
  	[self postFocusedCursorNotification:point
-@@ -9634,6 +9836,17 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
+@@ -9532,7 +9739,7 @@ frameworks like Vertico bump BOTH BUF_MODIFF (via text property
+ 			       granularity:granularity
+ 				markActive:markActive
+ 			      oldMarkActive:oldMarkActive
+-			     emacsInitiated:NO];
++			     emacsInitiated:emacsMovedCursor];
+ 
+       if (![self isAccessibilityFocused] && cachedText)
+ 	[self postCompletionAnnouncementForBuffer:b point:point];
+@@ -9668,6 +9875,17 @@ - (NSRect)accessibilityFrame
    if (vis_start >= vis_end)
      return @[];
  
@@ -573,7 +577,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
    /* Symbols are interned once at startup via DEFSYM in syms_of_nsterm;
       reference them directly here (GC-safe, no repeated obarray lookup).  */
  
-@@ -9754,6 +9967,7 @@ than O(chars).  Fall back to pos+1 as safety net.  */
+@@ -9788,6 +10006,7 @@ than O(chars).  Fall back to pos+1 as safety net.  */
        pos = span_end;
      }
  
@@ -581,7 +585,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
    return [[spans copy] autorelease];
  }
  
-@@ -9935,6 +10149,10 @@ - (void)dealloc
+@@ -9969,6 +10188,10 @@ - (void)dealloc
  #endif
  
    [accessibilityElements release];
@@ -592,7 +596,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
    [[self menu] release];
    [super dealloc];
  }
-@@ -11384,6 +11602,9 @@ - (instancetype) initFrameFromEmacs: (struct frame *)f
+@@ -11418,6 +11641,9 @@ - (instancetype) initFrameFromEmacs: (struct frame *)f
  
    windowClosing = NO;
    processingCompose = NO;
@@ -602,7 +606,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
    scrollbarsNeedingUpdate = 0;
    fs_state = FULLSCREEN_NONE;
    fs_before_fs = next_maximized = -1;
-@@ -12692,6 +12913,154 @@ - (id)accessibilityFocusedUIElement
+@@ -12726,6 +12952,154 @@ - (id)accessibilityFocusedUIElement
     The existing elements carry cached state (modiff, point) from the
     previous redisplay cycle.  Rebuilding first would create fresh
     elements with current values, making change detection impossible.  */
@@ -757,7 +761,7 @@ index 8d44b5f..29b646d 100644
  - (void)postAccessibilityUpdates
  {
    NSTRACE ("[EmacsView postAccessibilityUpdates]");
-@@ -12702,11 +13069,64 @@ - (void)postAccessibilityUpdates
+@@ -12736,11 +13110,64 @@ - (void)postAccessibilityUpdates
  
    /* Re-entrance guard: VoiceOver callbacks during notification posting
       can trigger redisplay, which calls ns_update_end, which calls us